Multi-tiered Coordinated Planning
A Challenging Project
One of the most complicated projects ever undertaken by humanity is the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). ITER is a large-scale scientific experiment aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of nuclear fusion as a large-scale and carbon-free source of energy. No less than 35 countries are involved in this project.
The ITER project is in fact a "miniature" example of multi-tiered coordinated planning:
- Advanced Technology: It requires cutting-edge technology to create and maintain the extreme conditions necessary for nuclear fusion, including temperatures of over 150 million degrees Celsius.
- International Collaboration: Coordinating skills and material contributions from multiple countries, each bringing different technologies, standards, and expertise.
- Engineering Challenges: The reactor’s components must be precisely manufactured and assembled to withstand the intense conditions inside the reactor.
Construction platform for the ITER project -- Image source: https://www.iter.org/
An Exceptionally Challenging Project
But now consider another very much larger and more complex project, and imagine that you are the principle Project Manager (often called the Program Manager) overseeing all of these projects in concert.
Each of the projects below are required to be individually managed with skilful planning for the successful completion of the overall program. The projects will not necessarily be sequential, but some will need to be completed before the initiation of other projects. Nevertheless, all projects must be completed by intelligent, carefully coordinated advanced planning.
How would you organise and execute these projects, to present them to your employer as completed, successful tasks? And how will you coordinate these projects to complete the entire program successfully?
Note that the explanatory text below includes references to reputable scientific journals and the websites and presentations of internationally respected scientists that provide solid background support for each of the points presented.
PROJECTS REQUIRING COORDINATED PLANNING
Atoms
Project Tier 1
The smallest components of the atom will require a set of properties that will enable it to function as a building block for other, larger components.
These properties or "laws" must include functionality that enables the completion of subsequent projects. For example, atoms need to make their built-in energy available for chemical reactions, bonding, and energy release (especially for photon interaction), and to enable the ultra-precise regulation of these reactions.
Atoms must also be super-efficient and ultra-conservative in their use of spatial dimensions, whilst enabling the addition of mechanisms that will give mass to objects in later projects.
— o o o —
But isolated atoms are of no real value, until they are deployed in later projects.
Molecules
Project Tier 2
This project will use the attributes and properties of components created in the first project, Tier 1, namely atoms, to produce a more complex building block capable of interacting successfully with a variety of other molecules.
These must also include properties and functionality that will enable the successful completion of each of the subsequent projects.
— o o o —
But isolated molecules are of no real value, until they are deployed in later projects.
Cells
Project Tier 3
Cells will be composed of multiple molecules developed in the Tier 2 project, including large constructions that are built from a number of smaller molecules.
Each cell will contain billions of complex organic machines for the performance of a variety of duties that benefit the cell as a whole.
Cells will also perform production tasks that benefit other cells in the body.
As cells die, they will be replaced. This will require around 50 million replacement cells per second, in the human body.
They will also contain a list of instructions for the development and construction of spare parts that will be requested by the cell's multiple machines as and when required.
The completed cells will have built-in functions including: self-defence, self-repair, self-monitoring, self-regulation, cell-autonomy, and self-reproduction.
These will be produced in a variety of formats for different forms of life planned for later projects.
Cells of like-design and purpose must group together in preparation for Tier 4.
— o o o —
But isolated cells are of no real value, until they are deployed in later projects (with due apologies to single-celled organisms!)
Organs
Project Tier 4
At this level, large critical components will be constructed based on the properties of the cells from Tier 3. These body organs will provide a purpose for the completed items in Tier 8.
Many billions of cells will be grouped in an ordered way to complete each organ. For example, the average human liver will require as many as 300 billion organised cells; and the organ's functionality when complete will be diverse (including over 500 distinct functions)!
The DNA blueprint must be built into the cells of all body organs, enabling self-regulation, self-management, and self-repair for each organ.
In addition, every organ is required to successfully coordinate with the activities of other organs.
They will grow and function according to instructions provided in the DNA molecule.
These will also be produced in a variety of organised formats for different purposes. They must include attributes that enhance the quality of life — not merely satisfying the criteria for survival.
— o o o —
But isolated organs are of no real value, until they are deployed in the final project (with due apologies to organ donors).
Stars
Project Tier 5
The successful completion of the first two projects (atoms and molecules) — along with the functionalities of gravity, dark matter, and dark energy (see Tier 7) — allows for the development of stars, for the provision of light and energy, and for heavier elements that will be essential for the project in Tier 8.
Stars are required to have sufficient longevity to remain useful for a considerable time.
They must also be self-perpetuating, and possess many other attributes — for example the fine balance between the outward force of nuclear fusion and the inward force of gravity — to sustain their versatility and usefulness.
— o o o —
However, stars are of no real value unless life exists to make use of them.
Planets
Project Tier 6
Employing attributes and properties from the items produced in Tiers 1, 2 and 5, planets will be developed. Some of these will provide a safe, secure, and pleasant environment for the subsequent production of life in Tier 8.
These planets will depend, for their "pleasant environment," on the successful completion of previous Tiers. And their continued usefulness will depend on the balanced parameters of galaxies produced in Tier 7.
— o o o —
However, life-supporting planets are of no real value unless life exists to make use of them.
Galaxies
Project Tier 7
Galaxies must become islands for many billions of stars.
At their centre they will have supermassive black holes that will serve to balance stellar development and galaxy rotation. These black holes will prevent runaway star formation, and their enormous energy will also influence the large-scale structure of the universe.
Galaxies will serve as nurseries for the perpetual automatic production of additional stars, as well as the assimilation of the left-over material of stars that have died.
Stars produced in Tier 5, will have additional properties when grouped together by gravity. Therefore, by means of gravity, together with dark matter and dark energy (or the new "current" prevailing view of their theoretical equivalents), the vast cosmic web will provide a nursery for the perpetual self-management of galaxies and of the universe as a whole.
— o o o —
However, none of the items produced in the first 7 projects will be of any real value, unless life exists to make use of them . . .
Life
Project Tier 8
At this level, the purpose of the previous projects becomes apparent.
Projects 1-7 must be complete and signed off before the inception of this project.
For example, only by using the complete set of body organs (as per the blueprint) produced in Tiers 3 and 4 can life function adequately, providing sufficient comfort and quality. Only by providing energy, light, and certain required heavy elements in Tier 5, can life be possible and continue to be sustained. And only by completing Tiers 6 & 7 can life have an adequate and pleasant environment.
When all required components from Tier 4 (namely a full set of body organs) have been detailed in the blueprint of DNA, and the first examples of each form of life are created, this will qualify as the finished product and the completion, not only of this Tier, but of the entire program.
The DNA blueprint will be built into these initial forms of life, enabling continuous self-perpetuation for each kind, and considerable variety within species.
Life will thus be produced in a variety of formats, using different organ formations and features, selecting from the extensive array of characteristics developed in Tiers 3 & 4. And life forms must be exceptionally efficient, providing for a high quality of life and not merely require continued effort to exist — mere survival is not the objective of this program!
The success of this project will contribute to the immense variety of plant, animal, and insect life, in addition to human life.
"In order to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first create the universe."
— Professor Carl Sagan
(1934-1996)
Intrinsic "Laws"
Imagine how enormous the list of natural items would be, if we include everything from the tiniest ultramicroscopic particles to the enormous galactic cosmic web! As is made clear from the above multi-project exercise, every object in that progressive list is subject to intrinsic immutable “laws” or properties (the “laws of physics”) that are each inviolable and independent yet are all in perfect harmony like an enormous exquisite symphonic masterpiece.
Scientists struggle to fully understand many of these laws, but more significantly they are unable to explain their origin — i.e. although there are theories that attempt to shed light on the origin of “matter,” no serious attempt is made to explain empirically the origin of these critical, physical, fundamental “laws.”
"These laws are ... everywhere we have thought to look"
Regarding the "laws of nature," the famous physicist Erwin Schrödinger, wrote:
"Incredibly small groups of atoms,
much too small to display exact
statistical laws, do play a
dominating role in the very
orderly and lawful events
within a living organism."
In other words, the attributes and "laws" that tiny quantum particles are subject to in the microscopic world, play a "dominating role" in the "laws" of the larger components belonging to life (see the discussion on "Cascade Effect" in the Section A Universe Fine-tuned for Life).
With regard to the universality of these laws, astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson had this to say:
"These laws are in evidence on Earth, and everywhere we have thought to look in the universe—from the domain of particle physics to the large scale structure of the universe."
"Understanding the whole"
The highly regarded Biophysicist Denis Noble (who held the Burdon Sanderson Chair of Cardiovascular Physiology at the University of Oxford from 1984 to 2004 and is now an Emeritus Professor and co-Director of Computational Physiology) refers to a "collective intelligence" in a discussion of what he calls an "evolution driven by purpose" in this YouTube presentation:
"The purpose of the individual molecules and genes comes from understanding the whole — without that, you can't know why those components are there."
"There are no arbitrary constants . . . nature is so constituted that it is possible logically to lay down such strongly determined laws that within these laws only rationally determined constants occur (not constants, therefore, whose numerical value could be changed without destroying the theory)."
Therefore, according to the greatest physicist of our times (perhaps of all time), the "constants" of nature (discussed at some length in the section "A Universe Fine-tuned for Life") were "rationally determined." He also wrote: "I cannot imagine a theory containing an arbitrary number which the whim of the Creator could have chosen differently."
Do you agree that sounds like intentional order, planning and arrangement?
Or is evolution somehow capable of rational thinking?
Like a beautiful and well-crafted jigsaw, all the items in the aforementioned "list" fit together perfectly to accomplish the overall "project" of an expanding, ever-changing universe, well-suited for life.
Therefore, if evolution itself was in the dock, under cross examination, without a doubt the barrister would persist with the question, "Where did these laws come from"?
What is your conclusion?
Infinity and Stupidity
“Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity;
and I'm not sure about the universe.”
— Albert Einstein
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